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This name evolved over time, and the present spelling appeared by the early 14th century. In the 5th century, Saxon settlers named the area Crow's Leah-meaning a crow-infested clearing, or Crow's Wood. St John the Baptist's Church from the southeast Ironworking and mineral extraction continued throughout Roman times, particularly in the Broadfield area where many furnaces were built. Goffs Park-now a recreational area in the south of the town-was the site of two late Iron Age furnaces. Crawley is on the western edge of the High Weald, which produced iron for more than 2,000 years from the Iron Age onwards. Tools and burial mounds from the Neolithic period, and burial mounds and a sword from the Bronze Age, have also been discovered. The area may have been settled during the Mesolithic period: locally manufactured flints of the Horsham Culture type have been found to the southwest of the town. The commercial and retail sectors continue to expand. Its large industrial area supports manufacturing and service companies, many of them connected with the airport. Economically, the town has developed into the main centre of industry and employment between London and the south coast. In 2009, expansion was being planned in the west and north-west of the town, in cooperation with Horsham District Council, which has now become a new neighbourhood named Kilnwood Vale, but it is not in Crawley. The nearby communities of Ifield, Pound Hill and Three Bridges were absorbed into the new town at various stages in its development. The town contains 14 residential neighbourhoods radiating out from the core of the old market town, and separated by main roads and railway lines. A master plan was developed for the establishment of new residential, commercial, industrial and civic areas, and rapid development greatly increased the size and population of the town over a few decades. The New Towns Act 1946 designated Crawley as the site of one of these. After the Second World War, the British Government planned to move large numbers of people and jobs out of London and into new towns around South East England. Gatwick Airport, nowadays one of Britain's busiest international airports, opened on the edge of the town in the 1940s, encouraging commercial and industrial growth. Its location on the main road from London to Brighton brought passing trade, which encouraged the development of coaching inns. Crawley developed slowly as a market town from the 13th century, serving the surrounding villages in the Weald.
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The area has been inhabited since the Stone Age, and was a centre of ironworking in Roman times. Crawley covers an area of 17.36 square miles (44.96 km 2) and had a population of 106,597 at the time of the 2011 Census. It is 28 miles (45 km) south of London, 18 miles (29 km) north of Brighton and Hove, and 32 miles (51 km) north-east of the county town of Chichester. info)) is a large town and borough in West Sussex, England.